BASIS FOR COOPERATION
● Shared values including the respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, democratic
principles, the rule of law and support for non-proliferation, as essential prerequisites for the
future relationship. Reaffirmation of the United Kingdom’s commitment to the European
Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and the Union’s and its Member States’ to the Charter of
Fundamental Rights of the Union. Support for effective multilateralism.
● Commitment to a high level of personal data protection. Commencement of the Commission’s
assessments of the United Kingdom’s standards on the basis of the Union’s adequacy framework,
endeavouring to adopt decisions by the end of 2020. In the same timeframe, the United Kingdom
will take steps to ensure comparable facilitation of personal data flows to the Union. Appropriate
cooperation between regulators.
● Terms for the United Kingdom’s participation in Union programmes, subject to the conditions set
out in the corresponding Union instruments, such as in science and innovation, culture and
education, development, defence capabilities, civil protection and space.
● Dialogue and exchanges in areas of shared interest, with the view to identifying opportunities to
cooperate, share best practice and act together.
GOODS
● Comprehensive arrangements creating a free trade area combining deep regulatory and customs
cooperation, underpinned by provisions ensuring a level playing field for open and fair
competition as described below.
● Zero tariffs, no fees, charges or quantitative restrictions across all goods sectors, with ambitious
customs arrangements that build on the single customs territory provided for in the Withdrawal
Agreement, respecting the Parties’ legal orders.
● Extent of the United Kingdom’s commitments on customs and regulatory cooperation, including
with regard to alignment of rules, to be taken into account in the application of checks and
controls at the border.
● In this context, recalling the Union’s and the United Kingdom’s intention to replace the backstop
solution on Northern Ireland by a subsequent agreement that establishes alternative
arrangements for ensuring the absence of a hard border on the island of Ireland on a permanent
footing.
SERVICES AND INVESTMENT
● Ambitious, comprehensive and balanced arrangements on trade in services and investment,
delivering a level of liberalisation in trade in services well beyond the Parties’ WTO commitments,
and in line with Article V of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, with substantial sectoral
coverage, covering all modes of supply and providing for the absence of substantially all
discrimination in the covered sectors, with exceptions and limitations as appropriate.
● Provisions on market access and national treatment under host state rules, ensuring that the
Parties’ services providers and investors are treated in a non-discriminatory manner, including
with regard to establishment. While preserving regulatory autonomy, provisions to promote
regulatory approaches that are transparent, efficient, compatible to the extent possible, and
which promote avoidance of unnecessary regulatory requirements.
● Appropriate arrangements on professional qualifications.
● Provisions to enable free movement of capital and payments related to transactions liberalised
under the economic partnership, subject to relevant exceptions.
FINANCIAL SERVICES
● Commitments to preserving financial stability, market integrity, investor protection and fair
competition, while respecting the Parties’ regulatory and decision-making autonomy, and their
ability to take equivalence decisions in their own interest. This is without prejudice to the Parties’
ability to adopt or maintain any measure where necessary for prudential reasons.
● Commencement of equivalence assessments by both Parties as soon as possible after the United
Kingdom’s withdrawal from the Union, endeavouring to conclude these assessments before the
end of June 2020.
● Close and structured cooperation on regulatory and supervisory matters, grounded in the
economic partnership and based on the principles of regulatory autonomy, transparency and
stability, recognising this is in the Parties’ mutual interest.
DIGITAL
● Provisions to facilitate electronic commerce and cross-border data flows, address unjustified
barriers to trade by electronic means, and ensure an open, secure and trustworthy online
environment, with a bilateral dialogue and joint work in multilateral and multistakeholder forums,
while not affecting the Parties’ data protection rules.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY / PUBLIC PROCUREMENT
● Protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights beyond multilateral treaties to
stimulate innovation, creativity and economic activity.● Mutual opportunities in the Parties’ respective public procurement markets beyond their
commitments under the WTO Government Procurement Agreement, without prejudice to their
domestic rules to protect their essential security interests, and standards on transparency and
procedures.
MOBILITY
● Arrangements on temporary entry and stay of natural persons for business purposes in defined
areas.
● Other aspects of mobility, based on non-discrimination between the Union’s Member States and
reciprocity, including visa-free travel for short-term visits.
TRANSPORT
● Comprehensive Air Transport Agreement, covering market access and investment, aviation safety
and security, air traffic management and provisions to ensure open and fair competition.
● Comparable market access for freight and passenger road transport operators, underpinned by
relevant existing international obligations to ensure open and fair competition, with consideration
of complementary arrangements to address travel by private motorists.
● Acknowledgement of the intention of the United Kingdom and relevant Member States, in line
with Union law, to make bilateral arrangements for cross-border rail services.
● Connectivity in the maritime transport sector, underpinned by the applicable international legal
framework, with appropriate arrangements for cooperation on maritime safety and security.
ENERGY
● Framework to facilitate technical cooperation between electricity and gas networks operators and
organisations in the planning and use of energy infrastructure connecting the Parties’ systems, and
mechanisms to ensure security of supply and efficient trade over interconnectors over different
timeframes. Consideration of cooperation on carbon pricing by linking a United Kingdom national
greenhouse gas emissions trading system with the Union’s Emissions Trading System.
● Wide-ranging Nuclear Cooperation Agreement between the European Atomic Energy Community
(EURATOM) and the United Kingdom, underpinned by commitments to existing high standards of
nuclear safety. Timely reassessment of authorisations and EURATOM Supply Agency approvals of
contracts for the supply of nuclear material. Cooperation through the exchange of information on
the supply of medical radioisotopes.
FISHING OPPORTUNITIES
● Cooperation bilaterally and internationally to ensure fishing at sustainable levels, promote
resource conservation, and foster a clean, healthy and productive marine environment, noting
that the United Kingdom will be an independent coastal state. While preserving regulatory autonomy, cooperation on the development of measures for the conservation, rational
management and regulation of fisheries, in a non-discriminatory manner. Close working with other
coastal states and in international fora, including to manage shared stocks.
● Within the context of the overall economic partnership, establishment of a new fisheries
agreement on, inter alia, access to waters and quota shares, to be in place in time to be used for
determining fishing opportunities for the first year after the transition period.
GLOBAL COOPERATION
● Cooperation, including in international fora, such as in the areas of climate change, sustainable
development, cross-border pollution, trade protectionism and financial stability.
● Reaffirmation of the Parties’ commitments to international agreements to tackle climate change,
including those which implement the United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change,
such as the Paris Agreement.
LEVEL PLAYING FIELD FOR OPEN AND FAIR COMPETITION
● Competition must be open and fair. Provisions to ensure this should cover state aid, competition,
social and employment standards, environmental standards, climate change and relevant tax
matters, building on the level playing field arrangements provided for in the Withdrawal
Agreement and commensurate with the overall economic relationship.
ENFORCEMENT AND COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS
● Comprehensive, close, balanced and reciprocal law enforcement and judicial cooperation in
criminal matters, with the view to delivering strong operational capabilities for the purposes of the
prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences, taking into account the
shared and evolving threats the Parties face, the mutual benefits to the safety and security of their
citizens, and the fact that the United Kingdom will be a non-Schengen third country that does not
provide for the free movement of persons.
● Scale and scope of future arrangements reflecting the commitments the United Kingdom is willing
to make that respect the integrity of the Union’s legal order, such as with regard to alignment of
rules and the mechanisms for disputes and enforcement including the role of the Court of Justice
of the European Union, underpinned by long-standing commitments to the fundamental rights of
individuals, including continued adherence to the ECHR and its system of enforcement, and
adequate protection of personal data, which are both essential prerequisites for enabling the
cooperation envisaged by the Parties, and to the ne bis in idem principle and procedural rights.
● Noting these commitments, reciprocal arrangements for timely, effective and efficient exchanges
of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data and results of processing of such data stored in respective
national PNR processing systems, and of DNA, fingerprints and vehicle registration data (Prüm).
● In addition, swift and effective arrangements enabling the United Kingdom and Member States to
extradite suspected and convicted persons efficiently and expeditiously, with the possibility to
waive the requirement of double criminality, and to determine the applicability of these
arrangements to own nationals and for political offences.
● Consideration of further arrangements appropriate to the United Kingdom’s future status for data
exchange and practical cooperation between law enforcement authorities, and between judicial
authorities in criminal matters, such as exchange of information on wanted or missing persons and
of criminal records, with the view to delivering capabilities that, in so far as is technically and
legally possible, and considered necessary and in both Parties’ interests, approximate those
enabled by relevant Union mechanisms.
● Terms for the United Kingdom’s cooperation via Europol and Eurojust.
● Support of international efforts to prevent and fight against money laundering and terrorist
financing, particularly through compliance with Financial Action Task Force standards and
associated cooperation, with the Parties going beyond those standards with regard to beneficial
ownership transparency and ending the anonymity associated with the use of virtual currencies.
FOREIGN POLICY, SECURITY AND DEFENCE
● Close, flexible and scalable cooperation on external action at the bilateral and international level,
ensuring that the UK can combine efforts with the Union to the greatest effect, including in times
of crisis or when serious incidents occur, respecting the autonomy of both Parties.
● Structured consultation and regular thematic dialogues at various levels, and invitations for the
United Kingdom to participate in informal sessions of the Union’s Council meetings where
appropriate.
● Cooperation in third countries, including on consular provision and protection, and in international
organisations and fora, notably in the United Nations. Possibility to support each other’s positions
where relevant, including through agreed statements, demarches and shared positions.
● Consultation on sanctions, with intensified exchange of information where foreign policy
objectives are aligned, with the possibility of adopting mutually reinforcing sanctions.
● Participation by the United Kingdom on a case-by-case basis in Common Security and Defence
Policy missions and operations through a Framework Participation Agreement, with intensified
interaction at relevant planning stages, proportionate to the level of the United Kingdom’s
contribution.
● Collaboration by the United Kingdom in relevant current and future projects of the European
Defence Agency through an Administrative Arrangement, participation of United Kingdom entities
in European Defence Fund supported projects, and collaboration by the United Kingdom in
Permanent Structured Cooperation projects where invited on an exceptional basis, under the
conditions in Union law.
● Timely exchange of intelligence between the United Kingdom and relevant Union bodies.
● Consideration of appropriate arrangements on space cooperation, including satellite navigation,
where in the Parties’ mutual interest.
THEMATIC COOPERATION
● Promotion of security and stability in cyberspace through increased international cooperation and
the exchange of information on a timely basis, including the United Kingdom’s participation in
relevant cyber security activities of the Union, and a cyber dialogue.
● Cooperation on counter-terrorism, countering violent extremism and emerging threats through
dialogue, sharing best practices, operational cooperation and reciprocal voluntary information
exchange.
● Cooperation to tackle illegal migration through operational cooperation, dialogue, cooperation in
third countries and in international fora.
● Cooperation in the field of civil protection in respect of natural or manmade disasters, enabled by
the United Kingdom’s participation in the Union’s Civil Protection Mechanism as a Participating
State.
● Cooperation in matters of health security in line with existing Union arrangements with third
countries, and in international fora.
CLASSIFIED AND SENSITIVE NON-CLASSIFIED INFORMATION
● Security of Information Agreement, with guarantees on the handling and protection of classified
information, alongside any necessary provisions on sensitive non-classified information.
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
STRUCTURE
● Future relationship based on an overarching institutional framework, with the possibility for
specific governance arrangements in individual areas. Possibility to review the relationship.
GOVERNANCE
● Mechanisms for dialogue at summit, ministerial, technical and parliamentary levels.
● Robust, efficient and effective arrangements for the setting of strategic direction, for the
management, supervision, implementation and development over time of the future relationship,
for the resolution of disputes and enforcement, and safeguard provisions, in full respect of the
Parties’ own legal orders, and based on the arrangements for dispute settlement and enforcement
provided for in the Withdrawal Agreement.
FORWARD PROCESS
● Following the conclusion of the Withdrawal Agreement between the Parties but prior to the
United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the Union, the Parties will engage in preparatory
organisational work with the aim of enabling rapid commencement of negotiations.
● In accordance with Article 184 of the Withdrawal Agreement, commencement of the formal
process of negotiations as soon as possible after the entry into force of the Withdrawal
Agreement, using best endeavours to ensure the necessary steps are taken so that the future
relationship can take effect by the end of 2020, noting the Parties’ commitment in the Withdrawal
Agreement to develop the necessary legal agreements in good faith and expeditiously.
● Intention to develop, at the beginning of these negotiations, a clear programme to deliver this
ambitious timetable, incorporating regular review points for negotiators at which they will report
publically on their progress. The Union and the United Kingdom will convene a high level
conference at least every six months to take stock of progress.
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