Development of GATT
Origin Originally the IMF and the World Bank were to be accompanied by an International Trade Organisation. The Bretton Woods Agreement made in 1944 proposed the formation of an International Trade Organization to ...
Category Archives: WTO Rules
GATT Principles & Exceptions
Some General Principles The GATT provides for a number of basic principles. Non-discrimination; The principle of national treatment requires that goods, once lawfully imported, will be treated in the same manner as ...
WTO Institutions & Dispute Resolution
The WTO The Uruguay Round led to the creation of the World Trade Organization in 1994/5, which is now the overarching governing body. The World Trade Organization comprises a ministerial conference that meets every ...
Most Favoured Nation Principle
Basic GATT Principles State members of GATT must comply with two basic principles in the conduct of their trade policy namely, the most-favored-nation principle and the national treatment principle. The ...
Non Discrimination Principle
National Treatment Principle The national treatment principle requires that once goods have been imported, and the relevant duty has been paid under the importing state’s tariff schedules, no additional burdens ...
Preferential Trade Agreements
Preferential Trade Agreements. Preferential Trade Agreements are treaties between states giving preferential access to each other’s domestic market. They may be multilateral or bilateral. They are commonly regional ...
WTO and Anti-Dumping
WTO Anti-Dumping Rules Article VI of the GATT (as restated) enables member states to put in place anti-dumping measures to deal with cases, where third country goods are imported or sent to the state at less than ...
WTO and Subsidies
Subsidies Article XVI of GATT provides that if a state party to the agreement grants any subsidy, which operates directly or indirectly to increase exports of any product from or to reduce imports of products into a ...
WTO Safeguards, Adjustment and Exceptions
WTO & Safeguards Unilateral action may be permitted as a safeguard in unforeseen circumstances where there are imports in such quantities or conditions such as to cause serious injury to domestic producers of ...
Trade and Agriculture
GATT and Agriculture The GATT prohibition on quantitative restrictions contains exceptions for agricultural products. Restrictions may be placed on imports of agricultural or fisheries products for the purpose of ...
WTO and Trade in Services
General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS The Uruguay Round commencing in 1986, sought to extend the scope of the GATT to include an international multilateral Agreement on Trade in Services. This ultimately ...
GATS & Financial Services
GATS Services Commitments Most WTO Member States submitted Schedules of Commitments in relation to services pursuant to GATS.The schedules are required to be classified in accordance with 12 principal sectors. States ...
Regulation / Barriers and World Trade
Regulation and Barriers to Trade As the European Union experience shows, internal regulations may constitute a very significant barrier to trade. The country of import may point to their standards as being in their ...
Standardised Customs and Licensing Rules
Classification A worldwide uniform system of classification has been adopted in order to ease the process of classification and provide uniformity.The common classification simplifies and provides a common and ...
UK Lords Note WTO
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