EU Competition Law

EU Competition Law Competition policy has been a central element of the European Union Treaties since the outset. The completion of the customs union, common market and later the single market required a system of ...

Public Procurement & Brexit

Effectiveness of EU Procurement Law The EU has enacted procurement legislation which is applicable to most public works above a certain value. The EU procurement rules apply above a relatively low project threshold ...

Broad Procurement Principles

Public Procurement Law European Union Law binds member states and public authorities. Such authorities and bodies are significant purchasers of goods and services. The common market for goods and services in the ...

Procurement Processes

Types of Process There is a number of types of procurement procedures permitted under the 2014 directives.  The most common procedure is the open procedure by which all interested parties may tender a single fully ...

Anti-Competitive Practices

Anti-Competitive Agreements and Practices EU, UK and Irish legislation prohibit agreements, concerted practices and decisions by businesses or businesses association which have as their the object or effect, the ...

Vertical Restraints

General Vertical restraints are agreements made between persons operating at different levels in the market, such as manufacturers and distributors.  Vertical agreements come in a variety of forms including ...

Abuse of Dominant Position

Rationale Article 102 of the European Union Treaty prohibits the abuse of a dominant position within the European Union, insofar as it may affect trade between member states.  The corresponding domestic legislation ...

Market Dominance

Dominance Dominance must be considered with reference to the relevant market, once ascertained and defined.  Dominance has been defined as a position of economic strength enjoyed by an undertaking, which enables it ...

Abusive Market Behaviour

Definition of Abuse Article 102 of the EU Treaty sets out indicative examples of abuse of a dominant position.  They include; directly or indirectly, imposing unfair purchase or selling prices or other unfair trading ...

UK Competition Proposal [Jul 2018]

State aid: context The UK wants to ensure that its future economic partnership with the EU is underpinned by measures to ensure fair and open competition. A rigorous approach to state aid is a critical component of ...

Procurement 2021 UK Guidance

Guidance Bidding for overseas procurement opportunities: what to expect from 1 January 2021 Information for UK businesses about overseas procurement opportunities covered under the Government Procurement Agreement ...
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