Digital Digital is a fast evolving, innovative, sector that is driving economic transformation across the world. Digital sectors contributed £116.5 billion to the UK economy in 2016, representing 6.7 percent of GVA. ...
Socio-economic cooperation There are many other areas where the UK and EU economies are closely linked, including transport, energy, civil judicial cooperation, intellectual property, and audit and accountancy. The ...
Open and fair competition The UK has been a leading advocate of the development of the EU state aid and competition regime and has much to gain from maintaining disciplines on subsidies and anti-competitive ...
Administrative provisions To ensure the future relationship is administered effectively, the UK and the EU will need to agree arrangements for regulatory cooperation. This includes: an upfront choice to maintain a ...
Security Partnership The UK has already set out an ambitious vision for the UK’s future security relationship with the EU.The UK recognises that leaving the EU means the security relationship between the UK and the ...
Statement by Michel Barnier at the press conference following his meeting with Dominic Raab, UK Secretary of State for Exiting the EU Brussels, 26 July 2018 Ladies and gentlemen, Dominic and I just had a second ...
Cohesion Funds The Cohesion Funds (2007 to 2013) support measures under the convergence objectives. The aim is to accelerate convergence in EU states where development is lagging behind by improving conditions for ...
General There are a number of directives dealing with both the import and transit of animals. One category of directives deals with imports from outside the EU whereas another category deal with imports between EU ...
EU Competition Law Competition policy has been a central element of the European Union Treaties since the outset. The completion of the customs union, common market and later the single market required a system of ...
Effectiveness of EU Procurement Law The EU has enacted procurement legislation which is applicable to most public works above a certain value. The EU procurement rules apply above a relatively low project threshold ...
Public Procurement Law European Union Law binds member states and public authorities. Such authorities and bodies are significant purchasers of goods and services. The common market for goods and services in the ...
Types of Process There is a number of types of procurement procedures permitted under the 2014 directives. The most common procedure is the open procedure by which all interested parties may tender a single fully ...
Areas Covered As well as covering trade in goods and services, free trade agreements commonly cover a range of other issues as technical and non-tariff barriers to trade health and welfare provisions, custom and ...
UK’s Trade Status Post Brexit Existing EU free trade agreements cover 53 markets and one-third of the world’s economy. A specific issue is the possible loss of preferential access to those markets through trade ...
New UK Taxation (Cross-Border Trade) Act The core EU customs code is based on EU wide directly applicable regulations. The EU has exclusive competence in relation to customs. The UK Taxation (Cross-Border Trade) Act ...
Anti-Competitive Agreements and Practices EU, UK and Irish legislation prohibit agreements, concerted practices and decisions by businesses or businesses association which have as their the object or effect, the ...
General Vertical restraints are agreements made between persons operating at different levels in the market, such as manufacturers and distributors. Vertical agreements come in a variety of forms including ...
Rationale Article 102 of the European Union Treaty prohibits the abuse of a dominant position within the European Union, insofar as it may affect trade between member states. The corresponding domestic legislation ...
Dominance Dominance must be considered with reference to the relevant market, once ascertained and defined. Dominance has been defined as a position of economic strength enjoyed by an undertaking, which enables it ...
Information on the Environment The European Union has approved the Convention designed to facilitate access by the public to environmental information, participation in the decision-making process, and access to ...
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